A UCLA examine discovered {that a} eating regimen low in omega-6 and high in omega-3 fatty acids, together with fish oil dietary supplements, can considerably sluggish the expansion of prostate most cancers cells in males choosing energetic surveillance, doubtlessly lowering the necessity for future aggressive remedies.
Researchers from UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered new proof that dietary adjustments could sluggish most cancers cell development in males with prostate most cancers present process energetic surveillance—a therapy method that entails carefully monitoring the most cancers with out fast medical intervention.
Prostate Cancer and Dietary Intervention
The examine, revealed right now (December 13) within the Journal of Clinical Oncology, revealed {that a} eating regimen low in omega-6 fat and high in omega-3 fatty acids, supplemented with fish oil, considerably diminished the expansion fee of prostate most cancers cells in males with early-stage illness.
“This is an important step toward understanding how diet can potentially influence prostate cancer outcomes,” mentioned Dr. William Aronson, Professor of Urology on the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and first creator of the examine. “Many men are interested in lifestyle changes, including diet, to help manage their cancer and prevent the progression of their disease. Our findings suggest that something as simple as adjusting your diet could potentially slow cancer growth and extend the time before more aggressive interventions are needed.”
The Challenge of Active Surveillance
Many males with low-risk prostate most cancers select energetic surveillance over fast therapy, nevertheless, inside 5 years, about 50% of those males ultimately want to endure remedy with both surgical procedure or radiation. Because of this, sufferers are keen to discover methods to delay the necessity for therapy, together with by way of dietary adjustments or dietary supplements. However, particular dietary pointers on this space have but to be established. While different scientific trials have checked out growing vegetable consumption and healthy eating regimen patterns, none have discovered a major influence on slowing most cancers development.
Study Design and Dietary Counseling
To decide whether or not eating regimen or dietary supplements can play a task in managing prostate most cancers, the UCLA-led crew carried out a potential scientific trial, known as CAPFISH-3, which included 100 males with low-risk or favorable intermediate-risk prostate most cancers who selected energetic surveillance. Participants had been randomly assigned to both proceed their regular eating regimen or observe a low omega-6, high omega-3 eating regimen, supplemented with fish oil, for one 12 months.
Participants within the intervention arm obtained dietary customized counseling by a registered dietician nutritionist, both in-person, by way of telehealth or by cellphone. Patients had been guided on more healthy, decrease fats alternate options for high fats/high-calorie meals (corresponding to utilizing olive oil or lemon and vinegar for salad dressing), and on lowering consumption of meals with greater omega-6 content material (corresponding to chips, cookies, mayonnaise, and different fried or processed meals). The aim was to create a positive stability of their consumption of omega-6 and omega-3 fat and make members really feel empowered to management how they alter their conduct. They had been additionally given fish oil capsules for additional omega-3s. The management group didn’t get any dietary counseling or take fish oil capsules.
Results of Dietary Changes
The researchers tracked adjustments in a biomarker known as the Ki-67 index, which signifies how briskly most cancers cells are multiplying—a key predictor of most cancers development, metastasis and survival.
Same web site biopsies had been obtained on the start of the examine and once more after the one-year mark, utilizing a picture fusion system that helps observe and find the most cancers websites.
Results confirmed that the low omega-6, omega-3 wealthy eating regimen, and fish oil group had a 15% lower within the Ki-67 index, whereas the management group noticed a 24% enhance.
“This significant difference suggests that the dietary changes may help slow cancer growth, potentially delaying or even preventing the need for more aggressive treatments,” mentioned Aronson, who can be the Chief of urologic oncology on the West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center and member of the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center.
Conclusion and Future Research Directions
While the outcomes are promising, researchers didn’t discover any variations in different most cancers development markers, corresponding to Gleason grade, that are generally used to observe prostate most cancers development.
The investigators warning that additional analysis is critical to verify the long-term advantages of omega-3 fatty acids and decreasing omega-6 in managing prostate most cancers. The findings help additional, bigger trials to discover the long-term influence of dietary adjustments on most cancers development, therapy outcomes, and survival charges in males on energetic surveillance.
Reference: 13 December 2024, Journal of Clinical Oncology.
The examine’s senior creator is Dr. Susanne Henning, adjunct professor emerita and former director of the dietary biomarker laboratory on the Center for Human Nutrition at UCLA. Other UCLA co-authors are Tristan Grogan, Dr. Pei Liang, Patricia Jardack, Amana Liddell, Claudia Perez, Dr. David Elashoff, Dr. Jonathan Said and Dr. Leonard Marks.
The examine was funded partly by the National Cancer Institute, the UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Howard B. Klein, and the Seafood Industry Research Fund.
